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  Complications: Prevention and Treatment

One of the main aims of diabetes management in the long-term is to prevent chronic diabetic complications. These are almost exclusively related to abnormalities of the:

• micro-circulation (such as retinopathy, nephropathy or neuropathy) or
• the macro-circulation (such as the heart, brain of lower limb circulation) or
• both (such as erectile dysfunction).

There is now a much clearer understanding of the causes of these complications, how to reduce the risks of their occurrence and how to treat them should they arise. The following sections focus upon each of these complications in turn.